Montana and Canada share a 545-mile part of the worlds longest undefended (which means there are no soldiers or armies on either side) border. Its decisions may be appealed directly to the U.S. Supreme Court. The first state governor was Joseph K. Billings Montana's Senate district is the fourth largest by area, behind Alaska, Texas, and California. [167], The climate has become warmer in Montana[when?] [109] The underlying surface consists of sandstone and shale. The students were Indian children and the children of Fort Owen employees. East and north of this transition zone are the expansive and sparsely populated Northern Plains, with tableland prairies, smaller island mountain ranges, and badlands. [122] If Hudson Bay is considered part of the Arctic Ocean, Triple Divide Peak is the only place on Earth with drainage to three different oceans. Montana hosts numerous arts and cultural festivals and events every year. Montana public health agencies continue to assist communities in responding to COVID-19. [200], As of 2009, almost two-thirds of Native Americans in the state live in urban areas. MONTANA: 2020 Census Montana Population Topped the 1 Million Mark in 2020 August 25, 2021 Written by: America Counts Staff America Counts today launches a state-by-state look at the demographic changes the new 2020 Census results reveal. Is Montana a good place to live? [184] During the first decade of the new century, growth was mainly concentrated in Montana's seven largest counties, with the highest percentage growth in Gallatin County, which had a 32% increase in its population from 2000 to 2010. Montana Territory became one of the territories of the United States on May 26, 1864. [182], Montana has one city, Billings, with a population over 100,000; and three cities with populations over 50,000: Missoula, Great Falls and Bozeman. The Water Court adjudicates water rights claims under the Montana Water Use Act of 1973 and has statewide jurisdiction. In 1916, Montana became the first state to elect a woman, Progressive Republican Jeannette Rankin, to Congress. [152], The Northern Divide turns east in Montana at Triple Divide Peak, causing the Waterton, Belly, and Saint Mary Rivers to flow north into Alberta. [310], The 1972 constitution has been amended 31 times as of 2015. Montana has many mountains in the western half of the state. [323] The state last supported a Democrat for president in 1992, when Bill Clinton won a plurality victory. Other significant economic resources include oil, gas, coal, mining, and lumber. The state also has a small Mtis population and 1990 census data indicated that people from as many as 275 different tribes lived in Montana. [107], The area east of the divide in the state's north-central portion is known for the Missouri Breaks and other significant rock formations. [227] At the 2020 Public Religion Research Institute's study, 57% of the adult population were Christian. [202], In the 2015 United States census estimates, Montana had the second-highest percentage of U.S. military veterans living there. The District Courts suffer from excessive workload, and the legislature has struggled to find a solution to the problem. The property's value is multiplied by a tax rate, set by the Montana Legislature, to determine its taxable value. 1 bed. Impact. [256] Montana allows the smallest"Class C"high schools to utilize six-man football teams,[257] dramatized in the independent 2002 film The Slaughter Rule.[258]. [131] The stretch of river between Fort Benton and the Fred Robinson Bridge at the western boundary of Fort Peck Reservoir was designated a National Wild and Scenic River in 1976. [327], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}47N 110W / 47N 110W / 47; -110 (State of Montana), Media related to Montana at Wikimedia Commons, This article is about the U.S. state. For the song by Chris Whitley, see, Map of the United States with Montana highlighted, Reporting statehood from Helena: Full article text is. The front is often well defined, causing a large temperature drop in a 24-hour period. On January 15, 1972, a chinook wind blew in and the temperature rose from 54 to 49F (47.8 to 9.4C). With Kyra Sedgwick, Stanley Tucci, Robin Tunney, Robbie Coltrane. However, the 1889 Montana constitution significantly restricted the power of state government, the legislature was much more powerful than the executive branch, and the jurisdiction of the District Courts very specifically described. [130] Major tributaries of the Yellowstone include the Boulder,[147] Stillwater,[148] Clarks Fork,[149] Bighorn,[150] Tongue,[151] and Powder Rivers. [81] About 60 percent of the state is prairie, part of the northern Great Plains. Beginning in 1919, Montana moved to district, rather than at-large, elections for its two House members. The Big Hole Valley,[95] Bitterroot Valley,[96] Gallatin Valley,[97] Flathead Valley,[98][99] and Paradise Valley[100] have extensive agricultural resources and multiple opportunities for tourism and recreation. Montana's teacher shortage has improved from the 2021-22 school year. [8], The name Montana comes from the Spanish word montaa, which in turn comes from the Latin word montanea, meaning "mountain" or more broadly "mountainous country. The constitution was narrowly approved, 116,415 to 113,883, and declared ratified on June 20, 1972. Montana is one of the best spots in North America for seeing wildlife. In this school students were charged $1.75 per week. The largest reservoir in the state is Fort Peck Reservoir on the Missouri river, which is contained by the second largest earthen dam and largest hydraulically filled dam in the world. When a suitcase full of money disappears, the members of the gang quickly turn on each other. [needs update], Montana is a relative hub of beer microbrewing, ranking third in the nation in number of craft breweries per capita in 2011. This is a broad outline history of the state of Montana in the United States . [276][277] The Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, which protects wildlife habitat and promotes hunting heritage, was founded in Montana. [278], Montana also has millions of acres open to cross-country skiing on nine of its national forests and in Glacier National Park. Each court member served a six-year term. and continues to do so. The first permanent settlement by Euro-Americans in what today is Montana was St. Mary's, established in 1841 near present-day Stevensville. [208], Montana's Constitution specifically reads, "the state recognizes the distinct and unique cultural heritage of the American Indians and is committed in its educational goals to the preservation of their cultural integrity. [27] In 1875, General Philip Sheridan pleaded to a joint session of Congress to authorize the slaughtering of bison herds to deprive Native people of their source of food. [7] The economy is primarily based on agriculture, including ranching and cereal grain farming. Its capital is Helena. In 1941, as she had in 1917, she voted against the United States' declaration of war after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. The remaining seat was again elected at-large. [116], The Hell Creek Formation in Northeast Montana is a major source of dinosaur fossils. [77] Most of Montana's hundred or more named mountain ranges are in the state's western half, most of which is geologically and geographically part of the northern Rocky Mountains. Montana is a state in the United States. Billings Email agent. Image: pxfuel 1. [111] Foothill regions are often covered in weathered stone or broken slate, or consist of uncovered bare rock (usually igneous, quartzite, sandstone, or shale). In 1985, the Montana Legislature passed a law allowing towns with fewer than 5,500 residents and unincorporated communities with fewer than 2,500 to levy a resort tax if more than half the community's income came from tourism. A 12th nation, the Little Shell Chippewa is a "landless" people headquartered in Great Falls; it is recognized by the state of Montana, but not by the U.S. government. [110] Surface soils in the area are highly diverse, and greatly affected by the local geology, whether glaciated plain, intermountain basin, mountain foothills, or tableland. Montana public health agencies continue to assist communities in responding to COVID-19. A part of southeastern Montana was used as a corridor between the Crows and the related Hidatsas in North Dakota. Its size is comparable to countries such as Norway, Zimbabwe, and Japan. Historic tribes encountered by Europeans and settlers from the United States included the Crow in the south-central area, the Cheyenne in the southeast, the Blackfeet, Assiniboine, and Gros Ventres in the central and north-central area, and the Kootenai and Salish in the west. In May 2006, then-Governor Brian Schweitzer posthumously issued full pardons for all those convicted of violating the Montana Sedition Act. As settlers began populating Montana from the 1850s through the 1870s, disputes with Native Americans ensued, primarily over land ownership and control. [90] There they join the Saskatchewan River, which ultimately empties into Hudson Bay. [210] Each Indian reservation in the state has a fully accredited tribal college. GENERAL PROVISIONS Part 5. [93] North of these ranges are the Big Belt Mountains, Bridger Mountains, Tobacco Roots, and several island ranges, including the Crazy Mountains and Little Belt Mountains.[94]. Federal and state agencies administer approximately 31,300,000 acres (127,000km2), or 35 percent of Montana's land. [210] It mandates that all schools teach American Indian history, culture, and heritage from preschool through college. [201] Billings (4,619), Great Falls (2,942), Missoula (1,838), Havre (1,210), and Polson (706) have the most Native Americans living there. The aptly-named Heart of Montana is an outdoor recreation paradise: hunting, fishing, skiing, hiking and biking are just a few of the possibilities for those of you who enjoy the great outdoors. 1675 Montana Highway 206, Columbia Falls, MT 59912. The area west of the divide has a modified northern Pacific Coast climate, with milder winters, cooler summers, less wind, and a longer growing season. 1675 Montana Highway 206, Columbia Falls, MT 59912. Image: pxfuel 1. Glendive, Great Falls, Havre City, Lewis Town, and Miles City are located east of the Continental Divide and experience a semi-arid steppe climate. In addition, Montana was going through a temporary period of higher-than-average precipitation. For political reasons, Congress did not approve Montana statehood until February 1889 and President Grover Cleveland signed an omnibus bill granting statehood to Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Washington once the appropriate state constitutions were crafted. Montana is the sixth coldest state in the nation and the eastern section of big sky country sees the chilliest winter temps. The amount of property tax owed is not determined solely by the property's value. Montana has the largest grizzly bear population in the lower 48 states. Both downhill skiing and cross-country skiing are popular in Montana, and there are 15 developed downhill ski areas open to the public,[278] including: Big Sky Resort and Whitefish Mountain Resort are destination resorts, while the remaining areas do not have overnight lodging at the ski area, though several host restaurants and other amenities. [193], Montana has a larger Native American population, both numerically and as a percentage, than most U.S. states. In 1942, the US Army established Camp Rimini near Helena for the purpose of training sled dogs in winter weather. There is a Youth Court in every judicial district, and decisions of the Youth Court are appealable directly to the Montana Supreme Court. Discover miles of inspiration here, and find out for yourself. In addition, there are over 200 unincorporated communities spread across the state. Pulitzer Prize winner Wallace Earle Stegner from Great Falls was often called "The Dean of Western Writers". Montana is one of the largest states in the United States of America. Montana's teacher shortage has improved from the 2021-22 school year. [59], In June 1917, the U.S. Congress passed the Espionage Act of 1917, which was extended by the Sedition Act of 1918. The executive branch is headed by an elected governor. 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